Compare Swaziland (2003) - Indian Ocean (2001)

Compare Swaziland (2003) z Indian Ocean (2001)

	Swaziland (2003)	Indian Ocean (2001)

Administrative divisions	4 districts; Hhohho, Lubombo, Manzini, Shiselweni	-
Age structure	0-14 years: 41.4% (male 242,762; female 238,141) 15-64 years: 55.1% (male 317,526; female 321,709) 65 years and over: 3.5% (male 18,040; female 23,041) (2003 est.)	-
Agriculture - products	sugarcane, cotton, corn, tobacco, rice, citrus, pineapples, sorghum, peanuts; cattle, goats, sheep	-
Airports	18 (2002)	-
Airports - with paved runways	total: 1 2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 (2002)	-
Airports - with unpaved runways	total: 17 914 to 1,523 m: 7 under 914 m: 10 (2002)	-
Area	total: 17,363 sq km land: 17,203 sq km water: 160 sq km	total: 68.556 million sq km note: includes Andaman Sea, Arabian Sea, Bay of Bengal, Great Australian Bight, Gulf of Aden, Gulf of Oman, Mozambique Channel, Persian Gulf, Red Sea, Strait of Malacca, and other tributary water bodies
Area - comparative	slightly smaller than New Jersey	about 5.5 times the size of the US
Background	Autonomy for the Swazis of southern Africa was guaranteed by the British in the late 19th century; independence was granted 1968. Student and labor unrest during the 1990s have pressured the monarchy (one of the oldest on the continent) to grudgingly allow political reform and greater democracy.	The Indian Ocean is the third-largest of the world's five oceans (after the Pacific Ocean and Atlantic Ocean, but larger than the Southern Ocean and Arctic Ocean). Four critically important access waterways are the Suez Canal (Egypt), Bab el Mandeb (Djibouti-Yemen), Strait of Hormuz (Iran-Oman), and Strait of Malacca (Indonesia-Malaysia). The decision by the International Hydrographic Organization in the spring of 2000 to delimit a fifth ocean, the Southern Ocean, removed the portion of the Indian Ocean south of 60 degrees south.
Birth rate	29.37 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)	-
Budget	revenues: $448 million expenditures: $506.9 million, including capital expenditures of $147 million (FY 01/02)	-
Capital	Mbabane; note - Lobamba is the royal and legislative capital	-
Climate	varies from tropical to near temperate	northeast monsoon (December to April), southwest monsoon (June to October); tropical cyclones occur during May/June and October/November in the northern Indian Ocean and January/February in the southern Indian Ocean
Coastline	0 km (landlocked)	66,526 km
Constitution	none; constitution of 6 September 1968 was suspended 12 April 1973; a new constitution was promulgated 13 October 1978, but was not formally presented to the people; since then a few more outlines for a constitution have been compiled under the Constitutional Review Commission (CRC), but so far none have been accepted	-
Country name	conventional long form: Kingdom of Swaziland conventional short form: Swaziland	-
Currency	lilangeni (SZL)	-
Death rate	21.08 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)	-
Debt - external	$320 million (2002 est.)	-
Diplomatic representation from the US	chief of mission: Ambassador James D. McGEE embassy: Central Bank Building, Warner Street, Mbabane mailing address: P. O. Box 199, Mbabane telephone: [268] 404-6441 through 404-6445 FAX: [268] 404-5959	-
Diplomatic representation in the US	chief of mission: Ambassador Mary Madzandza KANYA chancery: 3400 International Drive NW, Washington, DC 20008 telephone: [1] (202) 362-6683 FAX: [1] (202) 244-8059	-
Disputes - international	none	some maritime disputes (see littoral states)
Economic aid - recipient	$104 million (2001)	-
Economy - overview	In this small, landlocked economy, subsistence agriculture occupies more than 80% of the population. The manufacturing sector has diversified since the mid-1980s. Sugar and wood pulp remain important foreign exchange earners. Mining has declined in importance in recent years with only coal and quarry stone mines remaining active. Surrounded by South Africa, except for a short border with Mozambique, Swaziland is heavily dependent on South Africa from which it receives nine-tenths of its imports and to which it sends more than two-thirds of its exports. Customs duties from the Southern African Customs Union and worker remittances from South Africa substantially supplement domestically earned income. The government is trying to improve the atmosphere for foreign investment. Overgrazing, soil depletion, drought, and sometimes floods persist as problems for the future. More than one-fourth of the population needed emergency food aid in 2002 because of drought, and more than one-third of the adult population was infected by HIV/AIDS.	The Indian Ocean provides major sea routes connecting the Middle East, Africa, and East Asia with Europe and the Americas. It carries a particularly heavy traffic of petroleum and petroleum products from the oilfields of the Persian Gulf and Indonesia. Its fish are of great and growing importance to the bordering countries for domestic consumption and export. Fishing fleets from Russia, Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan also exploit the Indian Ocean, mainly for shrimp and tuna. Large reserves of hydrocarbons are being tapped in the offshore areas of Saudi Arabia, Iran, India, and western Australia. An estimated 40% of the world's offshore oil production comes from the Indian Ocean. Beach sands rich in heavy minerals and offshore placer deposits are actively exploited by bordering countries, particularly India, South Africa, Indonesia, Sri Lanka, and Thailand.
Electricity - consumption	962.9 million kWh (2001)	-
Electricity - exports	0 kWh (2001)	-
Electricity - imports	639 million kWh; note - electricity supplied by South Africa (2001)	-
Electricity - production	348.3 million kWh (2001)	-
Electricity - production by source	fossil fuel: 58% hydro: 42% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (2001)	-
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Great Usutu River 21 m highest point: Emlembe 1,862 m	lowest point: Java Trench -7,258 m highest point: sea level 0 m
Environment - current issues	limited supplies of potable water; wildlife populations being depleted because of excessive hunting; overgrazing; soil degradation; soil erosion	endangered marine species include the dugong, seals, turtles, and whales; oil pollution in the Arabian Sea, Persian Gulf, and Red Sea
Environment - international agreements	party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Endangered Species, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection signed, but not ratified: Desertification, Law of the Sea	-
Ethnic groups	African 97%, European 3%	-
Exchange rates	emalangeni per US dollar - 10.54 (2002), 8.61 (2001), 6.94 (2000), 6.11 (1999), 5.53 (1998)	-
Executive branch	chief of state: King MSWATI III (since 25 April 1986) head of government: Prime Minister Themba DLAMINI (since 14 November 2003) cabinet: Cabinet recommended by the prime minister and confirmed by the monarch elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; prime minister appointed by the monarch	-
Exports	NA (2001)	-
Exports - commodities	soft drink concentrates, sugar, wood pulp, cotton yarn, refrigerators, citrus and canned fruit	-
Exports - partners	South Africa 72%, EU 14.2%, Mozambique 3.7%, US 3.5%, UK (1999)	-
Fiscal year	1 April - 31 March	-
Flag description	three horizontal bands of blue (top), red (triple width), and blue; the red band is edged in yellow; centered in the red band is a large black and white shield covering two spears and a staff decorated with feather tassels, all placed horizontally	-
GDP	purchasing power parity - $5.542 billion (2002 est.)	-
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: 17% industry: 44% services: 39% (2001 est.)	-
GDP - per capita	purchasing power parity - $4,800 (2002 est.)	-
GDP - real growth rate	1.6% (2002 est.)	-
Geographic coordinates	26 30 S, 31 30 E	20 00 S, 80 00 E
Geography - note	landlocked; almost completely surrounded by South Africa	major chokepoints include Bab el Mandeb, Strait of Hormuz, Strait of Malacca, southern access to the Suez Canal, and the Lombok Strait
Highways	total: 3,247 km paved: NA unpaved: NA (1998)	-
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: 1% highest 10%: 50.2% (1995)	-
Imports	NA (2001)	-
Imports - commodities	motor vehicles, machinery, transport equipment, foodstuffs, petroleum products, chemicals	-
Imports - partners	South Africa 88.8%, EU 5.6%, Japan 0.6%, Singapore 0.4% (1999)	-
Independence	6 September 1968 (from UK)	-
Industrial production growth rate	3.7% (FY 95/96)	-
Industries	mining (coal), wood pulp, sugar, soft drink concentrates, textile and apparel	-
Infant mortality rate	total: 67.44 deaths/1,000 live births male: 70.79 deaths/1,000 live births female: 63.99 deaths/1,000 live births (2003 est.)	-
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	11.8% (2002 est.)	-
International organization participation	ACP, AfDB, C, ECA, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, Interpol, IOC, ISO (correspondent), ITU, NAM, OAU, OPCW, PCA, SACU, SADC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO	-
Internet Service Providers (ISPs)	5 (2002)	-
Irrigated land	690 sq km (1998 est.)	-
Judicial branch	High Court; Court of Appeal; judges for both courts are appointed by the monarch	-
Labor force	383,200 (2000)	-
Labor force - by occupation	NA	-
Land boundaries	total: 535 km border countries: Mozambique 105 km, South Africa 430 km	-
Land use	arable land: 9.77% permanent crops: 0.7% other: 89.53% (1998 est.)	-
Languages	English (official, government business conducted in English), siSwati (official)	-
Legal system	based on South African Roman-Dutch law in statutory courts and Swazi traditional law and custom in traditional courts; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction	-
Legislative branch	bicameral Parliament or Libandla, an advisory body, consists of the Senate (30 seats - 10 appointed by the House of Assembly and 20 appointed by the monarch; members serve five-year terms) and the House of Assembly (65 seats - 10 appointed by the monarch and 55 elected by popular vote; members serve five-year terms) elections: House of Assembly - last held 18 October 2003 (next to be held NA October 2008) election results: House of Assembly - balloting is done on a nonparty basis; candidates for election are nominated by the local council of each constituency and for each constituency the three candidates with the most votes in the first round of voting are narrowed to a single winner by a second round	-
Life expectancy at birth	total population: 39.47 years male: 41.02 years female: 37.87 years (2003 est.)	-
Literacy	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 81.6% male: 82.6% female: 80.8% (2003 est.)	-
Location	Southern Africa, between Mozambique and South Africa	body of water between Africa, the Southern Ocean, Asia, and Australia
Map references	Africa	World
Maritime claims	none (landlocked)	-
Military branches	Umbutfo Swaziland Defense Force (Army), Royal Swaziland Police Force	-
Military expenditures - dollar figure	$20 million (FY01)	-
Military expenditures - percent of GDP	4.75% (FY00)	-
Military manpower - availability	males age 15-49: 284,530 (2003 est.)	-
Military manpower - fit for military service	males age 15-49: 165,005 (2003 est.)	-
National holiday	Independence Day, 6 September (1968)	-
Nationality	noun: Swazi(s) adjective: Swazi	-
Natural hazards	drought	occasional icebergs pose navigational hazard in southern reaches
Natural resources	asbestos, coal, clay, cassiterite, hydropower, forests, small gold and diamond deposits, quarry stone, and talc	oil and gas fields, fish, shrimp, sand and gravel aggregates, placer deposits, polymetallic nodules
Net migration rate	0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2003 est.)	-
Political parties and leaders	political parties are banned by the constitution - the following are considered political associations; Imbokodvo National Movement or INM [leader NA]; Ngwane National Liberatory Congress or NNLC [Obed DLAMINI, president]; People's United Democratic Movement or PUDEMO [Mario MASUKU, president]; Swaziland National Front or SWANAFRO [Elmond SHONGWE, president]	-
Political pressure groups and leaders	NA	-
Population	1,161,219 note: estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July 2003 est.)	-
Population below poverty line	40% (1995)	-
Population growth rate	0.83% (2003 est.)	-
Ports and harbors	none	Chennai (Madras; India), Colombo (Sri Lanka), Durban (South Africa), Jakarta (Indonesia), Kolkata (Calcutta; India) Melbourne (Australia), Mumbai (Bombay; India), Richards Bay (South Africa)
Radio broadcast stations	AM 3, FM 2 plus 4 repeaters, shortwave 3 (2001)	-
Railways	total: 301 km narrow gauge: 301 km 1.067-m gauge (2002)	-
Religions	Zionist (a blend of Christianity and indigenous ancestral worship) 40%, Roman Catholic 20%, Muslim 10%, Anglican, Bahai, Methodist, Mormon, Jewish and other 30%	-
Sex ratio	at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.02 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.99 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.78 male(s)/female total population: 0.99 male(s)/female (2003 est.)	-
Suffrage	18 years of age	-
Telephone system	general assessment: a somewhat modern but not an advanced system domestic: system consists of carrier-equipped, open-wire lines and low-capacity, microwave radio relay international: satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)	-
Telephones - main lines in use	38,500 (2001)	-
Telephones - mobile cellular	45,000 (2001)	-
Television broadcast stations	5 plus 7 relay stations (2001)	-
Terrain	mostly mountains and hills; some moderately sloping plains	surface dominated by counterclockwise gyre (broad, circular system of currents) in the southern Indian Ocean; unique reversal of surface currents in the northern Indian Ocean; low atmospheric pressure over southwest Asia from hot, rising, summer air results in the southwest monsoon and southwest-to-northeast winds and currents, while high pressure over northern Asia from cold, falling, winter air results in the northeast monsoon and northeast-to-southwest winds and currents; ocean floor is dominated by the Mid-Indian Ocean Ridge and subdivided by the Southeast Indian Ocean Ridge, Southwest Indian Ocean Ridge, and Ninetyeast Ridge
Total fertility rate	3.92 children born/woman (2003 est.)	-
Unemployment rate	34% (2000 est.)	-
Waterways	none	-

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